Kuleli sonto, iNhlangano Yezokudla Nezolimo ye-UN (i-FAO), ngokubambisana ne-WHO, ishicilele umbiko wayo wokuqala womhlaba mayelana nezici zokuphepha kokudla kwemikhiqizo esekwe kumaseli.
Umbiko uhlose ukuhlinzeka ngesisekelo esiqinile sesayensi sokuqala ukusungula izinhlaka zokulawula kanye nezinhlelo ezisebenzayo zokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwamanye amaphrotheni.
UCorinna Hawkes, umqondisi wophiko lwezinhlelo zokudla kanye nokuphepha kokudla kwe-FAO, uthe: “I-FAO, ikanye ne-WHO, isekela amalungu ayo ngokunikeza izeluleko zesayensi ezingaba usizo kuziphathimandla ezinekhono lokuphepha kokudla ukuze zizisebenzise njengesisekelo sokuphatha izindaba ezihlukahlukene zokuphepha kokudla”.
Esitatimendeni, i-FAO ithe: “Ukudla okusekelwe kumaseli akukhona ukudla okusesikhathini esizayo. Izinkampani/abaqalayo abangaphezu kwe-100 sebevele benza imikhiqizo yokudla okusekelwe kumaseli esekulungele ukuthengiswa futhi elinde ukugunyazwa.”
Lo mbiko uthi lezi zinqubo ezintsha zesistimu yokudla zisabela “ezinselele ezinkulu zokudla” eziphathelene nenani labantu emhlabeni elifinyelela ezigidini eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-9.8 ngo-2050.
Njengoba eminye imikhiqizo yokudla okusekelwe kumaseli isivele ingaphansi kwezigaba ezihlukahlukene zokuthuthuka, umbiko uthi “kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokunephutha izinzuzo engase ilethe, kanye nanoma yiziphi izingozi ezihlobene nakho - okuhlanganisa ukuphepha kokudla kanye nokukhathazeka ngekhwalithi”.
Lo mbiko, onesihloko esithi I-Food Safety Aspects of Cell-based Food, uhlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwezincwadi zezindaba zamagama abalulekile, izimiso zezinqubo zokukhiqiza ukudla okusekelwe kumaseli, isimo somhlaba wonke sezinhlaka zokulawula, kanye nezifundo zezibonelo ezivela kwa-Israel, Qatar naseSingapore "ukugqamisa ububanzi, izakhiwo nezimo ezizungezile izinhlaka zabo zokulawula ukudla okusekelwe kumaseli".
Ukushicilelwa kuhlanganisa imiphumela yokubonisana kochwepheshe okwakuholwa yi-FAO eyayise-Singapore ngoLwezi ngonyaka odlule, lapho kwenziwa ukuhlonza okuphelele kwengozi yokuphepha kokudla - ukuhlonza izingozi kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sohlelo olusemthethweni lokuhlola ubungozi.
Ukuhlonzwa kwengozi kuhlanganisa izigaba ezine zenqubo yokukhiqiza ukudla okusekelwe kumaseli: ukutholakala kwamaseli, ukukhula nokukhiqizwa kwamaseli, ukuvunwa kwamaseli, kanye nokucubungula ukudla. Ochwepheshe bavumile ukuthi nakuba izingozi eziningi sezivele zaziwa kahle futhi zikhona ngokulinganayo ekudleni okukhiqizwa ngendlela evamile, kungase kudingeke ukuthi kugxilwe ezintweni ezithile ezisetshenziswayo, okokufaka, izithako - okuhlanganisa izinto ezingase zibe khona - kanye nemishini ehluke kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kokudla okusekelwe kumaseli.
Nakuba i-FAO isho “ukudla okusekwe kumaseli,” umbiko uyavuma ukuthi 'okulinyiwe' kanye 'nokukhuliswa' kungamagama asetshenziswa kakhulu embonini. I-FAO inxusa izinhlaka zokulawula zikazwelonke ukuthi zisungule ulimi olucacile futhi olungaguquki ukuze kuncishiswe ukungakhulumisani kahle, okubalulekile ekulebulani.
Umbiko uphakamisa ukuthi indlela yecala ngalinye yokuhlolwa kokuphepha kokudla kwemikhiqizo yokudla esekwe kumaseli ifaneleka njengoba, nakuba ukuhlanganiswa okujwayelekile kungenziwa mayelana nenqubo yokukhiqiza, umkhiqizo ngamunye ungasebenzisa imithombo ehlukene yamaseli, ama-scaffolds noma ama-microcarriers, ukuqanjwa kwemidiya yesiko, izimo zokulima kanye nemiklamo ye-reactor.
Iphinde ithi emazweni amaningi, ukudla okusekwe kumaseli kungahlolwa ngaphakathi kwezinhlaka zokudla ezikhona, kucashunwa izichibiyelo zaseSingapore eziqondisweni zayo ezintsha zokudla ukuze kufakwe ukudla okusekwe kumaseli kanye nesivumelwano esisemthethweni sase-US sokulebula kanye nezidingo zokuphepha zokudla okwenziwa ngamaseli akhulisiwe emfuyo nezinkukhu, njengezibonelo. Yengeza ngokuthi i-USDA isishilo inhloso yayo yokudweba imithethonqubo yokulebula kwemikhiqizo yenyama nezinkukhu etholakala kumaseli ezilwane.
Ngokusho kwe-FAO, "okwamanje kunenani elilinganiselwe lolwazi kanye nedatha mayelana nezici zokuphepha kokudla kokudla okusekelwe kumaseli ukusekela abalawuli ekwenzeni izinqumo ezinolwazi".
Umbiko uphawula ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwedatha okwengeziwe kanye nokwabelana ezingeni lomhlaba kubalulekile ekudaleni isimo sokuvuleleka nokwethembana, ukuze sikwazi ukuhlanganyela okuhle kwabo bonke ababambiqhaza. Iphinde ithi imizamo yokubambisana yamazwe ngamazwe izozuzisa iziphathimandla ezinekhono lokuphepha kokudla, ikakhulukazi lawo asemazweni anemali engenayo ephansi naphakathi, ukusebenzisa indlela esekelwe ebufakazini ukuze kulungiswe noma yiziphi izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokulawula.
Iphetha ngokusho ukuthi ngaphandle kokuphepha kokudla, ezinye izihloko zezifundo ezifana namagama, izinhlaka zokulawula, izici zokudla okunomsoco, ukuqonda nokwamukelwa kwabathengi (okuhlanganisa ukunambitheka nokuthengeka) zibaluleke ngokufanayo, futhi ngokunokwenzeka zibaluleke nakakhulu ngokwethula lobu buchwepheshe ezimakethe.
Ngokubonisana kochwepheshe obanjelwe eSingapore kusukela mhla lu-1 kuya kumhla zizi-4 kuLwezi ngonyaka odlule, i-FAO yakhipha ucingo oluvulekile lomhlaba wonke lochwepheshe kusukela mhla lu-1 kuMbasa kuya kumhla ziyi-15 kuJuni 2022, ukuze kwakhiwe iqembu lochwepheshe abanemikhakha eminingi yobungcweti nolwazi.
Bangu-138 sebebonke ochwepheshe abafake izicelo kanye nephaneli yokukhetha ezimele yabuyekeza futhi yaklelisa izicelo ngokusekelwe kumibandela ebekwe kusengaphambili - abafake izicelo abangama-33 bafakwa ohlwini olufushane. Phakathi kwabo, abangu-26 bagcwalisa futhi basayina ifomu elithi 'Imfihlo Yokwenziwa Nokumemezela Intshisekelo', futhi ngemva kokuhlolwa kwazo zonke izithakazelo ezidaluliwe, amakhandidethi angenakho ukungqubuzana okucatshangelwayo kwezithakazelo afakwa ohlwini njengochwepheshe, kuyilapho amakhandidethi anesizinda esifanelekile endabeni futhi okungase kubhekwe njengokungqubuzana kwezintshisekelo okungaba khona afakwe ohlwini lwabantu abayizinsiza.
Ochwepheshe bephaneli yobuchwepheshe yilaba:
lAnil Kumar Anal, uprofesa, i-Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand
lWilliam Chen, uprofesa ophiwe kanye nomqondisi wesayensi yokudla nobuchwepheshe, i-Nanyang Technological University, eSingapore (iphini likasihlalo)
lDeepak Choudhury, usosayensi omkhulu we-biomanufacturing technology, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, i-Ejensi yeSayensi, Ubuchwepheshe Nocwaningo, eSingapore
U-lSghaier Chriki, uprofesa ohlanganyele, i-Institut Supérieur de l'Agriculture Rhône-Alpes, umcwaningi, Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Socwaningo Lwezolimo, Ukudla Nemvelo, e-France (usekela sihlalo weqembu elisebenzayo)
U-lMarie-Pierre Ellies-Oury, umsizi kaprofesa, i-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique et de L'Environnement and Bordeaux Sciences Agro, France
lJeremiah Fasano, umeluleki omkhulu wenqubomgomo, i-United States Food and Drug Administration, US (usihlalo)
lMukunda Goswami, usosayensi oyinhloko, i-Indian Council of Agricultural Research, India
lWilliam Hallman, uprofesa nosihlalo, i-Rutgers University, e-US
lGeoffrey Muriira Karau, umqondisi wokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi kanye nokuhlolwa, i-Bureau of Standards, Kenya
U-lMartín Alfredo Lema, i-biotechnologist, i-National University of Quilmes, e-Argentina (isekela likasihlalo)
lReza Ovissipour, umsizi kaprofesa, i-Virginia Polytechnic Institute kanye ne-State University, e-US
lChristopher Simuntala, isikhulu esiphezulu se-Biosafety, i-National Biosafety Authority, eZambia
lYongning Wu, usosayensi oyinhloko, Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sokuhlolwa Kwengozi Yokuphepha Kokudla, eChina
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-04-2024