Okulungele amathumbu kubantu abadala kungase kube kuhle nasebuchosheni babo. Ucwaningo oluphindwe kabili oluqavile luthole ukuthi iphrotheni yansuku zonke kanye nokwengezwa kwama-prebiotic kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenkumbulo kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60.
Imiphumela yalolu cwaningo, eyanyatheliswa ekuqaleni konyaka odlule, ivusa imicabango, ikakhulukazi uma ucabangela ukuthi izivivinyo ezifanayo zenkumbulo yokubona kanye nokufunda ziye zasetshenziswa ukuthola izimpawu zokuqala zesifo i-Alzheimer's.
Lolu cwaningo olungaboni kahle luhilele ama-prebiotic amabili ashibhile, asekelwe ezitshalweni atholakala emakhemisi emhlabeni jikelele.
Ama-prebiotic ayizinto ezingagayeki ezisiza ekuvuseleleni i-microflora yamathumbu. Olunye uhlobo lwesengezo esinjalo yi-inulin, i-fiber yokudla esekelwe ku-fructan. Olunye yi-fructooligosaccharides (FOS), ama-carbohydrate asekelwe ezitshalweni avame ukusetshenziswa njengesithako semvelo esinama-calorie aphansi.
Ukuze bahlole imiphumela yalezi zithako zokwenezela ebuchosheni obugugayo, abacwaningi baseKing's College London baqashe amawele angu-36 aneminyaka engu-60 nangaphezulu.
Amawele amabili ahlukaniswe ngokungahleliwe abe amaqembu amabili: iqembu elilodwa lathatha impuphu yephrotheni equkethe ama-prebiotic nsuku zonke, kanti elinye iqembu lathatha impuphu yephrotheni equkethe i-placebo nsuku zonke.
Ezinyangeni ezintathu kamuva, ekuhlolweni kwengqondo, amawele ayengazi ukuthi i-inulin noma i-fructooligosaccharide idla kanjani avame ukusebenza kangcono.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla i-fiber nsuku zonke kwakuhlotshaniswa nezinguquko ezincane ku-microbiota yamathumbu amawele. Isibonelo, amawele athatha i-inulin noma i-fructooligosaccharides ayenenani eliphakeme lama-bifidobacteria awusizo.
Izifundo ezifundweni zamagundane zibonise ukuthi i-bifidobacteria inganciphisa ukukhubazeka kokuqonda ngokushintsha ukuxhumana phakathi kwamathumbu nobuchopho.
“Sijabule kakhulu ukubona lezi zinguquko emavikini ayi-12 nje kuphela. Lokhu kunemiphumela ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni impilo yobuchopho kanye nenkumbulo kubantu abadala,” kusho uMary N. Lockley, umcwaningi wezifo zokuguga eKing's College eLondon, lapho imiphumela yocwaningo ishicilelwa ngoMashi 2024.
"Ukuvula izimfihlo ze-axis yobuchopho kungenza abantu baphile impilo enempilo nende."
I-King's College inehhovisi elikhulu kunawo wonke lokubhalisa amawele abantu abadala e-UK, futhi izifundo zamawele zibalulekile ekuqondeni ithonya lezakhi zofuzo kanye nemvelo empilweni yabantu.
Izifundo zangaphambilini kumagundane zikhombisile ukuthi izithasiselo ezine-fiber ephezulu njenge-inulin kanye ne-fructooligosaccharides zingondla i-colonic microbiota, okuvumela amagciwane "amahle" ukuthi achume.
Amabhaktheriya athile nawo ahlotshaniswa nokusebenza kwengqondo okuthuthukisiwe kumagundane nakubantu.
Ubufakazi obukhulayo busikisela ukuxhumana okuseduze phakathi kwamathumbu nobuchopho. Abanye ochwepheshe manje sebeyaqiniseka ngalezi zitholelo, baze babize amathumbu ngokuthi “ubuchopho besibili” bomzimba.
Ucwaningo lwamuva lwamawele olwenziwe eKing's College eLondon lubonisa ukuthi ukudla “ukudla okuqinisa ubuchopho” kungaba yindlela ethembisayo yokwelapha ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
Nakuba ama-prebiotics angathuthukisa ezinye izici zomsebenzi wokuqonda kubantu abadala asebekhulile, njengenkumbulo kanye nesivinini sokucubungula, akubonakali kunezinzuzo ezibalulekile zomzimba.
Nakuba i-inulin kanye ne-fructooligosaccharides kuyizinto ezibalulekile zokugcina impilo yemisipha nemisipha, ukulahleka kwemisipha akuzange kuthuthuke kumawele amadala athatha izithasiselo ezine-fiber ephezulu.
“Lezi zintambo zezitshalo ezingabizi, ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi zingazuzisa abantu abaningi phakathi nalezi zikhathi zobunzima bezomnotho. Ziphephile futhi zitholakala kalula,” kusho uClaire Stevens, udokotela wezifo zasebekhulile eKing's College eLondon.
"Umsebenzi wethu olandelayo ukubona ukuthi le miphumela ingagcinwa yini isikhathi eside futhi kubantu abaningi."
Iningi lamawele kulolu cwaningo kwakungabesifazane. Nakuba abacwaningi balungise imiphumela yokwehluka kobulili, bavumile nokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona ukucwasa kokukhetha eqenjini lamawele e-KCL.
Ngamanye amazwi, abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuthola isifo i-Alzheimer's, futhi izifundo ezinjengalezi zisekela umbono omusha wokuthi ukwehla kwengqondo akuyona njalo isifo sobuchopho futhi kungaxhunyaniswa nezici zangaphandle.
Amathumbu axhumene kakhulu nezinhlelo eziningi zomzimba, okuhlanganisa nezinhlelo zokuzivikela komzimba kanye nezinzwa eziphakathi. Ukwengeza i-gut microbiota ngama-prebiotic athile kanye nama-probiotic kungavula indlela yokwelapha izifo ezahlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 31-2025