Njengoba ilanga lifinyelela umfutho walo omkhulu eNyakatho Nenkabazwe, iShayina yamukela i-Major Heat (Da Shu), igama le-12 kwamagama angu-24 endabuko elanga aqondise ezolimo, ukudla kanye nokuphila kwansuku zonke ezweni iminyaka engaphezu kuka-2,000. Njengoba liwela cishe ngoJulayi 23 minyaka yonke, leli gama lelanga liphawula isikhathi esishisa kakhulu sekhalenda yenyanga - futhi lingaphezu nje kwengqophamlando yesimo sezulu: liwumkhosi ophilayo wendlela imiphakathi yaseShayina efunde ngayo ukuphila ngokuvumelana nomhlaba, ngisho nasehlobo.
1. Imvelaphi Yasendulo Yokushisa Okukhulu
I-Major Heat iphakathi nendawo ye-“San Fu” — izikhathi ezintathu zezinsuku eziyi-10 ezakha izinsuku zezinja zasehlobo, lapho amazinga okushisa kulo lonke elaseShayina ekhuphuka njalo ngaphezu kwama-35°C. Esikhathini eside ngaphambi kokubikezela kwesimo sezulu sanamuhla, izazi zezinkanyezi zasendulo zaseShayina zadweba umjikelezo waminyaka yonke welanga ukuze zenze amagama angama-24 elanga, uhlelo olwaqoshwa kamuva ohlwini lwe-UNESCO lwe-Intangible Cultural Heritage.
Imibhalo yasendulo ihlukanisa i-Major Heat ngezigaba ezintathu zemvelo ezihlukile: isigaba sokuqala sibona izimpukane ziphuma otshanini obumanzi; esesibili siletha inhlabathi enomswakama, enomswakama eyondla izitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha; esesithathu sifika nezimvula ezinkulu ezipholisa umoya futhi zigcwalise imifula. Ezizukulwaneni zabalimi baseShayina, leli gama lelanga lalingelona nje uphawu lokushisa - kwakuyisikhathi esimatasa kakhulu sonyaka sokunakekela amasimu avuthiwe, ukulwa nezinambuzane nokulungiselela isivuno sasekwindla.
2. Amasiko Okudla Anqoba Ukushisa Kwasehlobo
Akukho gama lelanga laseShayina eliphelele ngaphandle kwamasiko alo okudla akhethekile, futhi iMajor Heat ineminye yemikhuba yokudla ejabulisa kakhulu, egxile emphakathini yonyaka wonke.
Esifundazweni saseFujian, imindeni ilandela isiko elidumile elithi “Guo Da Shu” — noma “Gubha Ukushisa Okukhulu” — lapho wonke umuntu ehlangana khona ukuze abelane ngamapuleti e-lychee entsha, emnandi. Abantu bendawo bakholelwa ukuthi i-lychee, edliwa ngalolo suku, inamandla afanayo anomsoco njenge-ginseng, igcwalisa amandla akhishwe amasonto esimo sezulu esishisayo. EZhejiang naseGuangdong, abantu balandelana ukuze bathole izitsha ze-grass jelly, i-dessert emnyama ethambile, efakwe amakhambi eyaziwa endaweni ngokuthi “xian cao”, enesisho esidala esidumile esithi: “Yidla i-grass jelly ku-Major Heat, futhi uzohlala usemusha njengomuntu ongafi.”
Enyakatho nephakathi kweShayina, isiko "lokuphuza isobho lemvu ngezinsuku zezinja" lidonsela izixuku ezindaweni zokudlela zasendaweni. Umhluzi ofudumele nomnandi ungase ubonakale uphambene nokunambitheka kwakho ngosuku olungama-38°C, kodwa abantu bendawo bathi uyasiza ekujulukeni emakhazeni asehlobo amanzi, ufudumale isisu futhi wakhe amandla ezinyangeni ezizayo. Imindeni eminingi iphinde ikhiqize i-"fu cha" - itiye lemifino elipholile elenziwe nge-honeysuckle, i-prunella vulgaris kanye ne-licorice - ukuze uphuze usuku lonke, ikhambi elenziwe ekhaya eligcine izizukulwane zipholile ngaphandle komoya opholile wesimanje.
3. Amasiko Omphakathi Ahlanganisa Omakhelwane
I-Major Heat futhi yisikhathi semikhosi yomphakathi ephilayo eguqula izinsuku ezishisa kakhulu zasehlobo zibe izikhathi zenjabulo ehlanganyelwe.
Ogwini lwaseTaizhou esifundazweni saseZhejiang, umkhosi we-“Sending the Major Heat Boat” osuneminyaka eminingi udonsela izinkulungwane zezakhamuzi zendawo minyaka yonke. Izakhamuzi zakha isikebhe sokudoba esenziwe ngokhuni esikhulu, zisigcwalise ngeminikelo, bese zisithwala emigwaqweni ngemuva kwamaqembu okuhamba kanye neziqhumane, ngaphambi kokusidonsela olwandle bese zisishisa. Lo mkhuba uyisifiso esihlangene sokuphepha, ulwandle oluzolile, kanye nesivuno esikhulu kuyo yonke imindeni yabadobi edolobhaneni.
Kubantwana kulo lonke izwe, i-Major Heat isho umdlalo owodwa othandwayo wangaphandle: ukulwa kwekhilikithi. Lapho ilanga lishona phansi kusihlwa, izingane ziya emasimini ukuyobamba amakhilikithi amancane, bese zibuthana ngaphansi kwezihlahla ezindala ze-banyan ukuze zibukele izinambuzane ezincane zincintisana ngobumnene. Kuyisiko elilula nelidlalayo eliguqula izinsuku zasehlobo ezinde, eziphuzayo zibe yizinkumbulo zobuntwana ezihlala njalo.
4. Ukuhlakanipha Kwanamuhla Kwehlobo Elinempilo
Namuhla, eziningi zalezi zindlela zakudala ze-Major Heat ziye zahlangana kalula nokuphila kwansuku zonke kwaseShayina kwanamuhla. Ngisho nasemadolobheni amakhulu amatasa kakhulu, izisebenzi zasehhovisi zisazothatha isitsha sesobho se-mung bean ngesikhathi sekhefu labo lasemini, abazali bakhumbuza izingane zabo ukuthi zigweme ukuhlala emakamelweni anomoya opholile usuku lonke, futhi imindeni ihlela ukuhamba ngezinyawo okufushane kusihlwa ukuze ijabulele umoya opholile ngemva kokushona kwelanga.
La masiko awayona imithetho yakudala — ayizinhlakanipho eziqoqwe zeminyaka eyizinkulungwane: hlonipha isigqi semvelo, udle ukudla okuhambisana nesizini, futhi uzinike isikhathi sokunciphisa ijubane bese wabelana ngezinto ezincane nabantu abakuzungezile, ngisho noma isimo sezulu sishisa kakhulu.
I-FQA
- U: I-Major Heat ifika nini ekhalendeni?
A: Ukushisa Okukhulu kuvame ukufika cishe ngoJulayi 23 njalo ngonyaka, futhi kuhlala kuze kube cishe ngo-Agasti 7, kuhambisane cishe ngokuphelele nesigaba sesibili nesishisa kakhulu sezinsuku ezintathu zezinja zaseShayina. - U: Ingabe amasiko e-Major Heat afana kulo lonke elaseShayina?
A: Cha, amasiko ayahlukahluka kakhulu ngokwesifunda: izindawo ezisogwini zigxila emikhosini yokubusisa ulwandle, izifunda eziseningizimu zithanda amaswidi okuphola amakhambi, kanti imiphakathi yasenyakatho idumile ngamadili ayo afudumele esobho lemvu. - U: Ingabe kukhona isizathu sesayensi ngemuva kwesiko lokuphuza isobho lemvu elishisayo ngezinsuku zasehlobo ezishisayo?
A: Odokotela abaningi bendawo baphawula ukuthi umswakama ophezulu wasehlobo laseShayina ungashiya umzimba uzizwa uvilapha, futhi ukufudumala okuthambile kwesobho lemvu kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukujikeleza kwegazi, okwenza kube lula ngomzimba ukuzivumelanisa nesimo sezulu esishisayo. - U: Abantu baseShayina banamuhla bayigubha kanjani i-Major Heat emadolobheni amakhulu namuhla?
A: Iningi labantu abahlala emadolobheni alisaqhubeki nemikhuba emikhulu yomphakathi, kodwa lisaqhubeka namasiko amancane ansuku zonke: ukwenza isobho se-mung bean ekhaya, ukuthenga ama-lychees amasha esitolo esikhulu, nokugwema imisebenzi emide yangaphandle ngesikhathi selanga lasemini. - U: Ingabe i-Major Heat iwusuku olushisa kakhulu unyaka wonke?
A: Hhayi ngempela — yigama lelanga elinezinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu. Izinsuku ngazinye ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi noma ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti zingashisa nakakhulu, kodwa sonke isikhathi sezinsuku ezingu-15 se-Major Heat sihlala siyifasitela elifudumele kakhulu lonyaka. - U: Ingabe izivakashi zakwamanye amazwe zingawabona kalula amasiko e-Major Heat lapho zihamba eShayina?
A: Impela! Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, cishe yonke indawo yokudlela yasendaweni izophakela izitsha zesizini ze-Major Heat, futhi amadolobha amaningi eZhejiang naseFujian aphatha imicimbi yamasiko yomphakathi lapho izivakashi zingazama ukwenza itiye lezitshalo, zinambithe ijeli yotshani, futhi zifunde kabanzi ngama-solar terms angu-24.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-23-2026
