Kuleli sonto, i-Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) ye-UN, ngokubambisana ne-WHO, ishicilele umbiko wayo wokuqala womhlaba wonke mayelana nezici zokuphepha kokudla kwemikhiqizo esuselwe kumaseli.
Lo mbiko uhlose ukuhlinzeka ngesisekelo esiqinile sesayensi sokuqala ukusungula izinhlaka zomthetho kanye nezinhlelo ezisebenzayo zokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwamaprotheni ahlukile.
UCorinna Hawkes, umqondisi wesigaba sezinhlelo zokudla kanye nokuphepha kokudla se-FAO, uthe: “I-FAO, kanye ne-WHO, isekela amalungu ayo ngokunikeza izeluleko zesayensi ezingaba wusizo ezikhulwini ezifanele zokuphepha kokudla ukuze zisebenzise njengesisekelo sokuphatha izinkinga ezahlukene zokuphepha kokudla”.
Esitatimendeni, i-FAO ithe: "Ukudla okusekelwe kumaseli akusikho ukudla kwesikhathi esizayo. Izinkampani/amabhizinisi aqalayo angaphezu kwe-100 asevele ethuthukisa imikhiqizo yokudla okusekelwe kumaseli elungele ukuthengiswa futhi elinde ukuvunyelwa."
Umbiko uthi lokhu kusungulwa kwezinhlelo zokudla okushukumisayo kubangelwa “izinselele ezinkulu zokudla” eziphathelene nenani labantu emhlabeni elifinyelela ku-9.8 billion ngo-2050.
Njengoba eminye imikhiqizo yokudla esekwe kumaseli isivele ingaphansi kwezigaba ezahlukene zokuthuthukiswa, umbiko uthi “kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokungenaphutha izinzuzo ezingase zilethwe yiyo, kanye nanoma yiziphi izingozi ezihlobene nayo – okuhlanganisa nokuphepha kokudla kanye nokukhathazeka ngekhwalithi”.
Lo mbiko, onesihloko esithi Ukudla Okuphephile Kokudla Okusekelwe Emaselini, uhlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwezincwadi zezinkinga zamagama afanele, izimiso zezinqubo zokukhiqizwa kokudla okusekelwe emaselini, isimo somhlaba wonke sezinhlaka zomthetho, kanye nezifundo zamacala ezivela kwa-Israyeli, eQatar naseSingapore "ukugqamisa ububanzi, izakhiwo kanye nezimo ezizungezile izinhlaka zabo zomthetho zokudla okusekelwe emaselini".
Le ncwadi ihlanganisa imiphumela yokubonisana kochwepheshe okuholwa yi-FAO okwabanjelwa eSingapore ngoNovemba ngonyaka odlule, lapho kwenziwa khona ukuhlonza izingozi zokuphepha kokudla okuphelele - ukuhlonza izingozi kuyisinyathelo sokuqala senqubo yokuhlola ingozi esemthethweni.
Ukuhlonza izingozi kwahlanganisa izigaba ezine zenqubo yokukhiqizwa kokudla okusekelwe kumaseli: ukuthola amaseli, ukukhula nokukhiqizwa kwamaseli, ukuvunwa kwamaseli, kanye nokucubungula ukudla. Ochwepheshe bavumile ukuthi yize izingozi eziningi sezivele zaziwa kahle futhi zikhona ngokulinganayo ekudleni okukhiqizwa ngendlela evamile, kungadingeka kugxilwe ezintweni ezithile, okufakwayo, izithako - kufaka phakathi izinto ezingaba khona zokungezwani komzimba - kanye nemishini ehlukile kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kokudla okusekelwe kumaseli.
Nakuba i-FAO ibhekisela “ekudleni okusekelwe kumaseli,” umbiko uyavuma ukuthi 'okutshaliwe' kanye 'nokukhuliswa' kungamagama avame ukusetshenziswa embonini. I-FAO inxusa izinhlangano ezilawulayo zikazwelonke ukuthi zenze ulimi olucacile noluhambisanayo ukuze kuncishiswe ukuxhumana okungekuhle, okubalulekile ekulebeni.
Umbiko uphakamisa ukuthi indlela yokuhlola ukuphepha kokudla kwemikhiqizo yokudla esekwe kumaseli ifanelekile njengoba, yize kungenziwa ukuqagela ngenqubo yokukhiqiza, umkhiqizo ngamunye ungasebenzisa imithombo yamaseli ehlukene, izicafu noma izithwali ezincane, ukwakheka kwemidiya yesiko, izimo zokulima kanye nemiklamo ye-reactor.
Iphinde ithi emazweni amaningi, ukudla okusekelwe kumaseli kungahlolwa ngaphakathi kwezinhlaka zokudla ezintsha ezikhona, icaphuna izichibiyelo zeSingapore emithethweni yayo yokudla emisha ukuze ifake ukudla okusekelwe kumaseli kanye nesivumelwano esisemthethweni sase-US mayelana nokulebula kanye nezidingo zokuphepha kokudla okwenziwe ngamaseli akhuliswe ezilwane nezinkukhu, njengezibonelo. Inezela ngokuthi i-USDA isho inhloso yayo yokudweba imithethonqubo yokulebula inyama nemikhiqizo yezinkukhu etholakala kumaseli ezilwane.
Ngokusho kwe-FAO, “okwamanje kunolwazi olulinganiselwe kanye nedatha ngezici zokuphepha kokudla kokudla okusekelwe kumaseli ukusekela abalawuli ekwenzeni izinqumo ezinolwazi”.
Umbiko uphawula ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwedatha okwengeziwe kanye nokwabelana ngolwazi ezingeni lomhlaba wonke kubalulekile ekudaleni isimo sokuvuleleka nokwethembana, ukuze kube nokuzibandakanya okuhle kwabo bonke abathintekayo. Uphinde uthi imizamo yokubambisana yamazwe ngamazwe izozuzisa iziphathimandla ezahlukene ezifanele ukuphepha kokudla, ikakhulukazi lezo ezisemazweni anengeniso ephansi nephakathi, ukusebenzisa indlela esekelwe ebufakazini ukulungiselela noma yiziphi izinyathelo zomthetho ezidingekayo.
Iphetha ngokuthi ngaphandle kokuphepha kokudla, ezinye izindawo zezihloko ezifana namagama, izinhlaka zomthetho, izici zokudla okunempilo, umbono wabathengi kanye nokwamukelwa (kufaka phakathi ukunambitheka kanye nokungabizi) nazo zibaluleke ngendlela efanayo, futhi mhlawumbe zibaluleke nakakhulu ngokwethula lobu buchwepheshe emakethe.
Ngokubonisana kochwepheshe okwabanjelwa eSingapore kusukela mhla lu-1 kuya ku-4 Novemba ngonyaka odlule, i-FAO ikhiphe isicelo esivulekile somhlaba wonke sochwepheshe kusukela mhla lu-1 kuMbasa kuya ku-15 Juni 2022, ukuze bakhe iqembu lochwepheshe abanemikhakha eminingi yobuchwepheshe kanye nesipiliyoni.
Ochwepheshe abangu-138 bafaka izicelo futhi iphaneli yokukhetha ezimele ibukeze futhi yahlela izicelo ngokusekelwe ezimisweni ezibekiwe kusengaphambili - abafakizicelo abangu-33 bafakwa ohlwini lwabakhethiwe. Phakathi kwabo, abangu-26 bagcwalisa futhi basayina ifomu elithi 'Ukugcinwa Kobumfihlo kanye Nokumemezela Izintshisekelo', kwathi ngemva kokuhlolwa kwazo zonke izintshisekelo ezidaluliwe, abantu abangazange babonwe bephikisana nezintshisekelo bafakwa ohlwini njengochwepheshe, kanti abantu abanolwazi olufanele ngalolu daba futhi abangabhekwa njengokungqubuzana kwezintshisekelo bafakwa ohlwini njengabantu abanolwazi.
Ochwepheshe bephaneli lobuchwepheshe yilaba:
u-lAnil Kumar Anal, uprofesa, i-Asian Institute of Technology, eThailand
lWilliam Chen, uprofesa oqeqeshiwe kanye nomqondisi wesayensi nobuchwepheshe bokudla, iNanyang Technological University, eSingapore (iphini likasihlalo)
lDeepak Choudhury, usosayensi omkhulu wezobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza izinto eziphilayo, i-Bioprocessing Technology Institute, i-Agency for Science, Technology and Research, eSingapore
U-lSghaier Chriki, uprofesa ohlanganyele, i-Institut Supérieur de l'Agriculture Rhône-Alpes, umcwaningi, Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Socwaningo Lwezolimo, Ukudla Nemvelo, e-France (usekela sihlalo weqembu elisebenzayo)
U-lMarie-Pierre Ellies-Oury, umsizi kaprofesa, i-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique et de L'Environnement and Bordeaux Sciences Agro, France
lJeremiah Fasano, umeluleki omkhulu wenqubomgomo, i-United States Food and Drug Administration, e-US (usihlalo)
lMukunda Goswami, usosayensi oyinhloko, uMkhandlu WaseNdiya Wocwaningo Lwezolimo, eNdiya
lWilliam Hallman, uprofesa kanye nosihlalo, iRutgers University, e-US
UGeoffrey Muriira Karau, umqondisi wokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokuhlola, i-Bureau of Standards, eKenya
U-lMartín Alfredo Lema, i-biotechnologist, i-National University of Quilmes, e-Argentina (isekela likasihlalo)
lReza Ovissipour, uprofesa osizayo, iVirginia Polytechnic Institute kanye neState University, e-US
UChristopher Simuntala, isikhulu esiphezulu sezokuphepha kwezinto eziphilayo, iNational Biosafety Authority, eZambia
U-lYongning Wu, usosayensi oyinhloko, iNational Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, eShayina
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-04-2024